IP EMaths Notes (Upper Sec, Year 3-4): 14) Probability

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08 Nov 2025, 00:00 Z

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Marcus Pang·Managing Director (Maths)

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Q: What does IP EMaths Notes (Upper Sec, Year 3-4): 14) Probability cover?
A: Compute probabilities with mutually exclusive, independent, and conditional events using organised tables or tree diagrams.

Probability questions reward tidy organisation. Label events clearly, state whether they are mutually exclusive or independent, and keep notation consistent across tables and tree diagrams.

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These notes align with SEAB GCE O-Level Mathematics (4052) content used in IP programmes (exams from 2026).

Status: SEAB O-Level Mathematics 4052 syllabus (exams from 2026) checked 2025-11-30 - scope unchanged; remains the reference for these notes.

Quick reference

$P(A)$ is the probability of event A; $P(A') = 1 - P(A)$

	Chemistry	No Chemistry	Total
Biology	$38$	$22$	$60$
No Bio	$25$	$35$	$60$
Total	$63$	$57$	$120$

IP EMaths Notes (Upper Sec, Year 3-4): 14) Probability

Quick reference

Organising your work

Mutually exclusive vs independent

Conditional probability workflow

Worked example - two draws without replacement

Worked example - conditional probability with a table

Worked example - tree diagram with conditional branches

Practice Quiz

Try this

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