IP Chemistry Upper Sec 01: Experimental Chemistry
26 Nov 2025, 00:00 Z
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Practical course certificate note
For practical, lab, and experiment courses, Eclat Institute may issue an internal Certificate of Completion/Attendance based on participation and internal assessment.
- This is an internal centre-issued certificate, not an MOE/SEAB qualification or accreditation.
- Recognition (if any) is determined by the receiving school, institution, or employer.
- For SEAB private candidates taking science practical papers, SEAB states you should either have taken the subject before or complete a practical course before the practical exam date.
View our sample certificate template (Current sample layout (design may be refined over time))
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These notes align with SEAB GCE O-Level Chemistry (6092) content used in IP programmes (exams from 2026).
Status: SEAB O-Level Chemistry 6092 syllabus (exams from 2026) checked 2025-11-30 - scope unchanged; remains the reference for this note.
What you must know
- Precision and accuracy: match apparatus to the needed resolution (burette 0.05 cm³, pipette 0.01 cm³, stopwatch 0.01 s) and quote readings with correct sf/dp.
- Gas handling: pick delivery tube vs gas syringe; choose drying agents that do not react with the gas (e.g., CaO dries NH3; concentrated H2SO4 or anhydrous CaCl2 dry many gases but not NH3).
- Separation and purification: filtration vs vacuum filtration, crystallisation vs evaporation to dryness, sublimation (iodine, ammonium chloride), simple vs fractional distillation, separating funnel for immiscible liquids, and appropriate condensers.
- Paper chromatography: solvent choice, baseline/pencil line rules, locating agents, calculating Rf to compare against known dyes.
- Purity checks: sharp melting point/constant boiling point plus single spot on chromatogram; mixtures show ranges or multiple spots.
Worked examples
- Rate of reaction design: magnesium + excess dilute HCl measured by gas syringe. Control temperature/volume/concentration; collect volume every 30 s; plot volume–time graph.
- Separating mixtures: rock salt → grind, dissolve, filter (sand residue), crystallise filtrate to obtain pure salt. Iodine + salt → gentle heat to sublime iodine, cool on watch glass.
- Fractional distillation: ethanol/water mixture-fractionating column increases repeated vaporisation/condensation; thermometer near side arm to monitor distillate temp.
- Chromatography: food dye mixture-draw baseline in pencil, spot samples small, ensure solvent below baseline, allow solvent front near top, dry and spray locating agent, compute Rf = distance spot / distance solvent.
Practice drills
- Draw a full apparatus diagram for collecting
