IP Physics Notes (Upper Secondary, Year 3-4): 12) Direct Current Circuits
In one line
Combine series/parallel rules, potential dividers, and sensor behaviour to solve IP DC circuit problems.
Last updated 30 Nov 2025
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Read the summary above.
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Scan the first few sections below.
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Jump into the section that matches your decision.
- Start Here
- Series vs Parallel Essentials
- Potential Divider Principle
- Tips for Divider Problems
Q: What does IP Physics Notes (Upper Secondary, Year 3-4): 12) Direct Current Circuits cover?
A: Combine series/parallel rules, potential dividers, and sensor behaviour to solve IP DC circuit problems.
Quick recap -- DC circuit analysis hinges on current and voltage sharing rules. Once you master how resistances combine and how potential dividers behave, thermistor/LDR sensor circuits become straightforward.
Start Here
| Read time | What to take away |
| 1 second | Series shares current; parallel shares voltage. |
| 10 seconds | Simplify resistance first, then find total current, voltage drops, and branch currents. Potential dividers turn resistance changes into voltage changes. |
| 100 seconds | Work through the mixed network and sensor notes to practise drawing the simplified circuit, applying the correct sharing rule, and checking current and voltage totals. |
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These notes align with SEAB GCE O-Level Physics (6091) content used in IP programmes (exams from 2026).
Status: SEAB O-Level Physics 6091 syllabus (exams from 2026) checked 2025-11-30 - scope unchanged; remains the reference for these notes.
Series vs Parallel Essentials
- Series
- Current is identical everywhere in the loop.
- Potential differences add:
