IP Physics Notes (Upper Secondary, Year 3-4): 10) Static Electricity
30 Sep 2025, 00:00 Z· Last updated 30 Nov 2025
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Q: What does IP Physics Notes (Upper Secondary, Year 3-4): 10) Static Electricity cover?
A: Charging methods, electric field patterns, real-world applications, and safety for static electricity questions.
Quick recap -- Static electricity tracks how charges accumulate, move, and interact via electric fields. Watch electron transfer, sketch field lines correctly, and relate the principles to photocopiers, paint sprayers, and safety controls.
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These notes align with SEAB GCE O-Level Physics (6091) content used in IP programmes (exams from 2026).
Status: SEAB O-Level Physics 6091 syllabus (exams from 2026) checked 2025-11-30 - scope unchanged; remains the reference for these notes.
Charge Basics
- Charge comes in positive or negative units; SI unit coulomb .
- Like charges repel; unlike charges attract.
- Conservation of charge: total charge in an isolated system stays constant.
- Only electrons move in everyday charging processes; protons remain fixed in nuclei.
- Charging methods:
- Friction: electrons transferred between insulators (e.g., polythene rod and wool).
- Conduction: direct contact lets electrons flow between conductors.
- Induction: charged object polarises a neutral conductor; grounding can lock in opposite charge.
Conductors vs Insulators
| Property | Insulators |




