IP Biology Notes: Organisms and Their Environment (Upper Sec 11)
26 Nov 2025, 00:00 Z
Reviewed by
Ezekiel Tan·Academic Advisor (Biology)
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Use this as a free IP Biology notes chapter on organisms and their environment for Year 3 to Year 4. It keeps the IP pacing while reinforcing the 6093 biology foundations most schools test through DBQs, diagrams, and practical explanations.
Status: SEAB O-Level Biology 6093 syllabus (exams from 2026) checked 2025-11-30 - scope unchanged; remains the reference for this note.
What you must know
- Energy flow: sunlight → chemical energy in producers → consumers → decomposers; energy lost as heat/respiration, not recycled.
- Food chains/webs: producers, primary/secondary/tertiary consumers, decomposers; energy decreases up trophic levels; pyramids of biomass reflect energy content better than numbers.
- Carbon cycle: photosynthesis removes ; respiration/combustion release it; decomposition returns carbon; oceans/forests as sinks.
- Human impacts: deforestation reduces carbon uptake, increases erosion; fossil fuel burning raises
