O-Level Biology 6093 Syllabus 2026: Papers, Topics + Free PDF

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08 May 2026, 00:00 Z

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Q: What does O-Level Biology Syllabus: 2026 Edition (Singapore) cover?
A: A parent- and student-friendly roadmap to the SEAB 6093 O-Level Biology specification - exam format, the fourteen topics across four themes, Paper 3 practical skills, and the SEAB-published apparatus and reagent lists.

TL;DR
The 2026 SEAB 6093 Biology spec organises content into 14 topics across four themes - Cells & Chemistry of Life (1-3), The Human Body (4-9), Living Together (10-11), and Continuity of Life (12-14) (SEAB syllabus PDF).
Paper 3 (Practical) runs 1 h 50 min for 40 marks (20% overall) and consists of two to three compulsory practical questions, assessing Planning (15% within Paper 3) and MMO/PDO/ACE (85%) (same source).
Master cell biology, the human-body systems, and the food-test reagent stack early so Paper 3 routines fit comfortably within the 1 h 50 min window.

Status: SEAB O-Level Biology syllabus 6093 (first exam 2026) checked 2026-05-08 - refresh when SEAB publishes a newer syllabus edition.

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Keep Your Biology Practical Stack On Track

Use our O-Level Biology Experiments hub to find companion drills for every Paper 3 skill - food tests, enzyme reactions, osmosis investigations, microscope technique and biological drawing - before you sit the practical paper.

1 | Exam Structure at a Glance

Paper	Duration / Marks	Weight	Headline skills
Paper 1 MCQ	1 h / 40 x 1	30 %	Breadth recall across all 14 topics

Sources

https://www.seab.gov.sg/files/O%20Lvl%20Syllabus%20Sch%20Cddts/2026/6093_y26_sy.pdf

Topic	Core ideas	Anchor fact / formula
1. Cell Structure and Organisation	Plant vs animal cell organelles; cell specialisation under light microscope	nucleus → cytoplasm → membrane → wall (plant only)
2. Movement of Substances	Diffusion, osmosis, active transport; surface area : volume effects	water potential (qualitative)
3. Biological Molecules	Carbohydrates, proteins, fats; food-test reagents	iodine → starch (blue-black); Benedict's → reducing sugar (brick-red); biuret → protein (violet); ethanol-emulsion → fats
4. Nutrition in Humans	Balanced diet; mouth-to-anus alimentary canal; enzymes amylase, protease, lipase	mechanical + chemical digestion
5. Transport in Humans	Heart structure; blood components; double circulation; lymphatic basics	systolic → diastolic cycle
6. Respiration in Humans	Aerobic vs anaerobic respiration; gas exchange in alveoli	aerobic equation: $\text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 + 6\text{O}_2 \rightarrow 6\text{CO}_2 + 6\text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{ATP}$
7. Excretion in Humans	Kidney structure and function; urea formation; urine composition	nephron filtration → reabsorption → secretion
8. Homeostasis, Co-ordination & Response	Negative feedback; nervous + endocrine systems; insulin/glucagon; thermoregulation	reflex arc; receptor → effector
9. Infectious Diseases in Humans	Bacteria + virus structure; transmission routes; vaccination basics	herd immunity (qualitative)
10. Nutrition and Transport in Flowering Plants	Photosynthesis (limiting factors); transpiration + translocation; root + leaf structure	photosynthesis equation: $6\text{CO}_2 + 6\text{H}_2\text{O} \xrightarrow{\text{light}} \text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 + 6\text{O}_2$
11. Organisms and their Environment	Food chains/webs; energy flow; carbon and water cycles; human impact	trophic-level energy loss $\approx 90\%$ per step
12. Molecular Genetics	DNA structure; protein synthesis (transcription + translation in outline); genetic engineering applications	base pairing A-T, G-C
13. Reproduction	Asexual vs sexual reproduction; human reproductive systems; menstrual cycle; fetal development	hormones FSH, LH, oestrogen, progesterone
14. Inheritance	Monohybrid Mendel crosses; sex determination; mutations; selective breeding	Punnett square + 3 : 1 ratio

Group	Items worth knowing by name
Optical	Light microscope (2 cands : 1), hand lens ≥ ×6, microscope slides + coverslips
Measurement	Balance 0.01 g (1 per 8-12 cands), syringes 1 / 5 / 10 cm³, measuring cylinders, thermometer −10 °C to +110 °C
Specimen prep	Mounted needle, scalpel/knife, forceps, capillary tubes, Visking tubing
Standard reagents	Iodine, Benedict's, biuret, ethanol, glucose, starch, hydrogencarbonate indicator, methylene blue, cobalt chloride paper
Light source	Bench lamp with 60 W bulb (rate-of-photosynthesis investigations)

O-Level Biology 6093 Syllabus 2026: Papers, Topics + Free PDF

Keep Your Biology Practical Stack On Track

1 | Exam Structure at a Glance

Sources

2 | Syllabus Map - Topic Flow & Anchor Concepts

3 | Assessment Objectives (AOs)

4 | What's Particular for 2026 (and Often Missed)

5 | Bridging to the Integrated Programme and H2 Biology

6 | Mini Checklist Before Each WA

7 | Apparatus + Reagent Quick-Reference

8 | Further Reading

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