IP Chemistry Upper Sec 11: Organic Chemistry

These notes align with SEAB GCE O-Level Chemistry (6092) content used in IP programmes (exams from 2026).

Status: SEAB O-Level Chemistry 6092 syllabus (exams from 2026) checked 2025-11-30 - scope unchanged; remains the reference for this note.

What you must know

• Fuels/crude oil: finite resource; separated by fractional distillation into refinery gas, gasoline, kerosene, diesel, fuel oil, bitumen. Pollution issues (CO, SO₂, NOₓ, unburnt hydrocarbons, particulates) and catalytic converters. Biofuels as partial alternative.
• Homologous series: same general formula, similar chemical properties, gradation of physical properties, differ by $\ce{CH2}$, common functional group. Alkanes general formula $\ce{C_nH_{2n+2}}$